PCOS Test Panel

This PCOS lab test panel includes 19 separate tests and panels at the lowest price in the country:

• Lipid Panel
• CBC
• CMP
• Prolactin
• C-Peptide
• TSH
• Free T4
• Free T3
• Sex Hormone binding Globulin
• DHEA Sulfate
• Estrogen
• FSH
• Insulin Fasting
• A1C
• LH
• Progesterone
• 17-OH Progesterone
• Testosterone, Free, Bioavailable and Total, MS plus SHBG
• Vitamin D

Polycystic literally means "many cysts." In medical terms, it usually refers to a condition called polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is a hormonal disorder commonly seen in women of childbearing age. The condition is characterized by the presence of multiple fluid-filled cysts in the ovaries. PCOS can cause symptoms like irregular periods, weight gain, acne, and excessive hair growth. Women with PCOS may also experience infertility, diabetes, and heart disease later in life. The exact cause of PCOS is not known, but genetics and insulin resistance are considered contributing factors. PCOS is diagnosed based on symptoms, physical examination, and blood tests. 

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - Everything You Need to Know

 

PCOS is one of the most recurrent hormonal disorders among women of all races. Recent medical statistics show that up to 10% of women worldwide suffer from polycystic ovary syndrome. In the United States, the last estimations show that women having PCOS hit 6 million cases.

PCOS is an endocrine condition characterized by metabolic and reproductive abnormalities. This syndrome may cause symptoms and complications for women, from acne, gaining weight, skin tags, anxiety, depression, irregular menstruations to infertility, cancer development, or cardiovascular diseases.

The endocrine system comprises a series of organs and glands that contribute to the production, secrete, and storage hormones. Naturally, women produce androgen hormones (male hormones) in small amounts so the body can work properly.

However, women having PCOS, meaning multiple cysts on the ovary, tend to produce higher amounts of androgen hormones, such as testosterone. This cyst growth leads to various health issues, many of them associated with the reproductive system.

Many women live without being diagnosed until complications or infertility issues arise. It is thought that PCOS may be inherited, and the possibility of developing this syndrome is 50% higher for women having a sister, mother, aunt, or grandmother with this syndrome.

If you are a woman at a reproductive age or want to know more about this so you can create awareness for the women in your life, keep reading and learn how to handle and treat this syndrome.

What are the Symptoms Associated with PCOS?

As previously mentioned, PCOS is a complex disorder, the symptoms associated with it are numerous and can be associated with other minor problems. This is one of the reasons there are still many cases undiagnosed yet, women living with this disorder untreated.

Symptoms of PCOS that a woman may experience:

• Irregular menstruation or its absence
• Abnormal facial and body hair growth
• Prone to acne
• Hair loss
• Infertility
• Weight increase
• Skin tags or dark spots
• Mood-related issues ( depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, poor body image)
• Sleep apnea 
• High Blood Pressure
• Acne on face, chest or neck
• High triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol 

How is PCOS Diagnosed?

If you experience symptoms associated with this syndrome, the best you can do is to see a doctor. If you don't have an endocrinologist or gynecologist, contact your GP to get a referral. As soon as this health disorder is diagnosed, the more you'll reduce the risks of complications.

The usual PCOS diagnosis process includes:

• A clinical examination
• Evaluation of the medical history
• Hormonal tests
• Pelvic ultrasound

What are The Main Hormones that Can Diagnose PCOS?

The most conclusive method to diagnose and monitor PCOS is a hormonal analysis which an endocrinologist usually recommends at different stages of your menstruation. It is paramount to follow your doctor's instructions regarding the timelines of testing.

Here is the most comprehensive panel that indicates the presence of PCOS and at the same help excluding other diagnoses.

 

• Lipid Panel (LDL/HDL,triglycerides)
• CBC (complete blood count)
• CMP (comprehensive metabolic count)
• Prolactin
• C-Peptide
• TSH
• Free T4
• Free T3
• Sex Hormone binding Globulin
• DHEA Sulfate
• Estrogen
• FSH
• Insulin Fasting
• A1C
• LH
• Progesterone
• 17-OH Progesterone
• Testosterone, Total (LC/MS), and Free (Equilibrium Dialysis)
• Vitamin D

 

How to Evaluate Your Hormonal Test Values?

The lipid panel consists of:

• LDL (bad cholesterol)
• HDL (good cholesterol)
• Triglyceride (fats in the bloodstream associated with cardiovascular disease)

It is a valuable test type to be considered when trying to diagnose PCOS. It was discovered that 70% of women with PCOS present abnormal lipid values. Low HDL, high triglycerides, or low-density lipoprotein were assessed.

Lipid panel tests	Normal Values for Women
Total cholesterol	125-200 mg/dL
LDL	<100 mg/dL
HDL	50 mg/dL or >
Triglycerides	<150 mg/dL

 

The complete blood count is a standard test to check your overall health condition. This test keeps track of the number of cells found in the blood composition: the platelets, white cells, and blood cells.

Complete blood count CBC	Normal values for Women
White blood cells	4.500-11.000 cells/mcL
Red blood cells	4.1-5.1 million cells/mcL
Hematocrit	35.9% -44.6 %
Hemoglobin	12.3-15.3 gm/dL
Platelets	150.000- 450.000 platelets/mcL

 

Comprehensive Metabolic Panel- As metabolic and reproductive abnormalities characterize PCOS, this test is highly recommended to assess organs such as kidneys, liver, and metabolic function.

 

It is an efficient way to identify the causes of general symptoms associated with different health conditions, such as fatigue.

 

The CMP comprises 14 indicators such as glucose, calcium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, albumin, total protein, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin.

The results of the tests should be evaluated together with your doctor considering your medical history and medication.

CMP panel	Normal Values for Women
Glucose	70 to 99 mg/dL
Calcium	8.6-10.2 mg/dL
Sodium	136-145 mEq/L
Potassium	3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Bicarbonate	23-28 mEq/L
Chloride	98-106 mEq/L
Blood Urea Nitrogen	8-20 mg/dL
Creatinine	0.5-1.10 mg/dL
Albumin	3.5-5.5 g/dL
Total protein	5.5-9.0 g/dL
Alkaline phosphatase ( ALP)	30-120 U/L
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)	10-40 U/L
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)	10-40 U/L
Bilirubin	0.3-1.0 mg/dL

 

• Prolactin- is on the top of the list when it comes to PCOS and its relation with infertility. Many studies were conducted over the years and despite many beliefs that hyperprolactinemia can show a clear link with infertility, recent observations reject these evaluations.

Nevertheless, for women, prolactin evaluation can help in diagnosing menstruation disorders, suspicions of pituitary tumors, and amenorrhea.

The normal value for a nonpregnant woman is  < 25 ng/mL, while values are between 80-400 ng/mL for a pregnant woman.

• C-Peptide test-measures the C-peptide levels in blood and urine. Usually, this test measures the insulin level. Doctors recommend the test for differentiating type 1 diabetes for type 2 or finding the causes for abnormal blood sugar.

The normal value of this test under fasting is between 0.8 – 3.85 ng/mL, while after meals, 3-9 ng/mL.

• TSH test- used to determine thyroid health and differentiate an overactive thyroid from an underactive one.

TSH levels need to be tested especially during menopause, menstruation, and at the moment of giving birth. These are moments when the TSH levels can be modified.

The normal values for this indicator are between 0.5 -5.0 mIU/L.

• Free T4- also known as thyroxine, is one of the hormones produced by the thyroid. This test is usually performed to evaluate the general thyroid function and identify possible issues as

The normal value for this indicator is between 0.9-2.3 ng/dL.

• Free T3-or triiodothyronine alongside thyroxine is the main hormone released by the thyroid. Their role is to regulate various functions in your body.

The normal value for this indicator is between 2.3–4.2 pg/mL.

• Sex Hormone binding Globulin or (SHBG)- is a protein released by the liver which connects to hormones like testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol. SHBG also controls how much of these hormones are delivered to fat tissues.

This hormone test it's one of the most important indicators in the evaluation of PCOS cases.

The normal value for nonpregnant women is between 18-144 nmol/L, while for pregnant women, this may be expected to rise. Too small amounts of this hormone may indicate PCOS.

• DHEA Sulfate- also known as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, is a masculine hormone localized in the adrenal gland which helps women produce estrogen, controls blood pressure, and regulates body functions. This test is recommended for women to diagnose ovaries issues, check for causes of hirsutism or investigate menstrual abnormalities.

The normal values for this indicator according to age are displayed below:

Age	Normal values
>20 years	145-395 mcg/dL
20-30 years	65-380 mcg/dL
30-40 years	45-270 mcg/dL
<40	32-240 mcg/dL

 

• Estrogen- is an essential hormone in developing feminine features, also regulating the menstruation cycles. Testing this hormone can offer a series of information regarding a woman's possibility of getting pregnant, overall health, and menstruation.

Four types of estrogen impact a woman's life over her years: estrone, estradiol, estriol, estetrol. The most active estrogen type is estradiol. Over time, as menopause approaches, the values will be lower and fluctuant.

Menstrual cycle	Normal values
Follicular	98 – 571 pmol/L
Mid-cycle	177 – 1153 pmol/L
Luteal	122 – 1094 pmol/L
Postmenopause	<183 pmol/L

 

• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-is produced in the brain by the pituitary gland, the FSH is a hormone influencing sexual development and the ovarian follicles (eggs).

Menstrual cycle	Normal values
Follicular	3.5 – 12.5 IU/L
Mid-cycle	4.7 – 21.5 IU/L
Luteal	1.7 – 7.7 IU/L
Postmenopause	25.8 – 134.8 IU/L

 

• Insulin Fasting-this test is performed under fasting conditions to verify insulin resistance.

The normal value for this indicator is generally accepted between 2-20 mIU/mL.

• A1C-or hemoglobin A1C is a test that can offer information about sugar levels in your blood for the last few months. It is an excellent indicator in evaluating diabetes cases. Your doctor may recommend this in case of PCOS complications.

Values	Status
<5.7 %	Normal, no diabet
5.7% - 6.4 %	Prediabetes
6.5% or <	Diabetes

 

• LH- the luteinizing hormone has an important role in the development of sexual function and also in the regulation of the menstrual cycle. Increased values of this indicator can suggest a primary ovarian failure. This analysis is required in cases of infertility, menstrual abnormalities, or delayed puberty for girls.

Menstrual cycle phase	Normal values
follicular phase	1.9 to 12.5 IU/L
mid- cycle	8.7 to 76.3 IU/L
luteal phase	0.5 to 16.9 IU/L
pregnancy	less than 1.5 IU/L
postmenopause	15.9 to 54.0 IU/L

 

• Progesterone- a hormone produced by the ovaries, is a vital hormone when looking to get pregnant. This is an indicator that has to be checked at a specific stage of your menstrual phase, at the indicator of your medical provider.

The normal value for this indicator should be between 5-20 ng/mL.

• 17-OH Progesterone - hormone produced by the adrenal glands, usually recommended when a woman is suspected of congenital adrenal hyperplasia disorder.

The normal values are considered to be less than 200 ng/dL.

• Testosterone, Total (LC/MS), and Free (Equilibrium Dialysis)-these are key tests when it comes to PCOS, recommended for women suspected of increases in androgen hormones.

Normal testosterone levels for women between 18- 70 years old are considered to be between 0.5 to 2.4 nmol/L.

• Vitamin D- vital for bone development, skin, teeth, or immune system also has a powerful impact on balancing hormones such as testosterone, SHBG, insulin for women with PCOS.

The normal values for an adult woman are between 20-80 ng/mL.

What Are The Risks Associated with PCOS?

Leaving PCOS untreated may quickly degenerate to other serious conditions that can potentially damage your quality of life. Numerous women are facing:

• Insulin resistance leads to type 2 diabetes
• Obesity
• Heart attack
• Stroke
• Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
• Other women are at risk of developing endometrial cancer because of irregular menstruations
• Depression, anxiety

Can PCOS be Treated?

PCOS can be treated by having the proper treatment and some lifestyle changes. The treatment should be developed by a specialist like an endocrinologist or gynecologist. Also, it is recommended to ask for help from a dietitian and a physiotherapist.

Some lifestyle changes that you can start today involve:

• Eat healthier, more greens and fruits
• Limit fried, processed foods
• Obtain and maintain the optimal weight
• Start exercising (pilates, yoga, light aerobic)

The Bottom Line

Hormones influence our overall health, appearance, and mental state. Prevention is the key to maintaining a healthy life. Doctors recommend at least a visit a year to a gynecologist and an endocrinologist.

Make sure you are one step ahead of any issue and order your PCOS hormonal panel to give you a full-length evaluation of your health. Go to DiscountedLabs.com and order your test today from the comfort of your home.